Working With Concrete in Freezing Temperatures
At low temperatures, concrete sets slowly and strength gain is delayed. Not only may this result in the contractor being on the job longer than he had planned, but freezing damage to the concrete is possible both before and after stiffening takes place.

Things To Consider When Hot or Cold Weather Concreting
When the temperature of freshly mixed concrete approaches approximately 25°C (77°F) adverse site conditions can adversely impact the quality of concrete. Ambient temperatures above 32°C (90°F) and the lack of a protected environment for concrete placement and finishing (enclosed building) can contribute to difficulty in producing quality concrete.

Bugholes, pinholes and blowholes
One of the primary influences having an impact on the surface quality of concrete is blowholes. Bugholes, pinholes, blowholes, surface voids – they’re recognized by various names, but all refer to the same phenomenon. Blowholes are tiny, regular or irregular cavities ( over approx. 5 mm in size and often not exceeding fifteen mm ) found at the surface and in the core of structural concrete.

Bugholes: Causes and Prevention of a Problem
The ever-increasing use of structural concrete as an architectural building material has catapulted concrete’s measure of quality in surface appearance to a prominent position within the concrete construction industry. One of the primary influences affecting the surface quality of concrete is bugholes. Bugholes are surface voids that result from the migration of entrapped air (and to a lesser extent water) to the fresh concrete-form interface. These surface defects manifest themselves mostly in vertically formed surfaces.

The Difference Between A Pour Line and A Cold Joint – The American Concrete Institute differentiates between cold joints and layer lines. ACI 116R-00, “Cement and Concrete Terminology,” defines a cold joint as a joint or discontinuity resulting from a delay in placement of sufficient duration to preclude intermingling and bonding of the material in two successive lifts of concrete, mortar, or the like.

Concrete Batch Plant Tips and Solutions
Concrete Batching tips and Solutions

Concrete and Masonry Efflorescence
Efflorescence is a crystaline sedimentation on surfaces of masonry, roof tile or concrete. It’s whitish in appearance, and is occasionally referred to as “whiskers”. Efflorescence has represented a problem for a lot of years, and is a subject of much contention.

Concrete Floor Finishes
Concrete has a proven record for durability, strength and being cost effective for a variety of applications that include floors, sidewalks, driveways and patios. Concrete floors are used in a variety of residential areas, from high rise condo’s to basements remodeled for additional living space, and to slab-on-grade construction. Interior concrete is generally covered with carpet, vinyl, or some other flooring material.

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